Oil-burner.



No. 745,799. PATENTED DEC. 1, 1903.

J R, DONNELLY. OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 12, 1899.

RENEWED DBO. 24, 1901. NO MODEL.

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NITED STATES Patented December 1, 1903.

Prion.

PATENT OIL-BURNER.

SPECIFITCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 745,799, datedDecember 1, 1903." Application filed April 12, 1899. Renewed December24,1901. Serial No. 87,138- (No model.)

.T0 at] whom, it may concern: Be it known that I, JOHN R. DONNELLY, acitizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Fairfield,Somerset county, State of Maine, have invented certain new and usefnlImprovements in Oil-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to vaporizing oil-burners, such as are used forburning liquid hydro carbons, and it is particularly designed forburning kerosene, fuel-oil, and other heavy hydrocarbons rich in carbonwithout decomposing the oil-vapor and depositing carbon in thevaporizing-chamber.

A further object of the invention is to produce a reducing-flame ofsuitable form and having a suiiicicntly high degree of heat for brazingpurposes and for other similar uses.

These burners consist of a vaporizingchamher, which is generally in theform of a coil, connecting with an oil-supply under pressure, and thevapor generated in the coil is delivered through a vapordischarge nozzleor burner of suitable form, producing a flame from the heat of which thevaporizing-coil becomes sufliciently heated to convert its contents intoan unstable gas or vapor. Hitherto these coils or Vaporizers have beenso constructed that they were either wholly or partially in contact withthe [lame at all times, and the result was that when burning the heavyhydrocarbons a distillation or decomposition of the oil took placewithin the vapo- -necessary vapor by interposing between therizing-chamber, depositing carbon, clogging up the needle-valve, andfilling up the vaporizing-chamber. Innumerable attempts have thus beenmade Io burn heavy oils in this type of burners, but none have come intosuccessful and general use.

My invention is founded on the idea of keeping the vaporizer down to atemperature as low as possible consistent with forming the flame and thevaporizer an insulating protecting-covering by which the vaporizer isprotected at all points from coming within thesphere of combustion ofthe flame and so becoming overheated, and I have found from experiencethat when thecoil is thus kept as cool as possible I not onlyprevent'carbonization in the coil, but I add greatly to the heatproducing qualities of the vapor.

In the accompanying drawings I illustrate :1 burner which is welladapted to carry out my invention, the burner being specially designedfor-brazing. and other similar work whereina very hothighly-concentrated reducing-flame is necessary. 1

In the drawings, Figure l is a part-horizontal section through theburner, the casing being shown entirely in section; and Fig. 2 is avertical elevation and section, showing the burner connected with theoil-tank.

Arepresentsthevaporizing-chamber,which is here shown in the form of acylindrical coil connecting at one end with the supplypipe I), whichleads from the bottom of the oil-tank L. The oil-tank L is a closedtank, and pressure is put on the oil by suitable means, so that it isunder pressure when it reaches the coil. The coil connects with avapor-discharging nozzle or burner D by means of the pipe (2, and thisnozzle is shown as being controlled by a suitable needle-valve havingthe valve-stem g and the handle G.

The coil A forms within itself a cylindrical combustion-chamber, and thenozzle D is so located as to direct a jet of flame longitudinallythrough saidcombustion-chainber.

For the purpose of preventingthe coil from becoming overheated by theflame I interpose between the flame and the coil an insulating andprotecting covering, by which the flame is protected from coming incontact with the coil at any point. In the burner here shown I line thecombustion-chamber with a lining or bushing composed of fire-'clay,asbestos, or other suitable refractory material which is a sufiicientlygood non-conductor of heat to protect the coil from becoming overheated.

A supply-valve h is rovided in the pipe b for controlling the p. sage ofthe oil to the vaporizer, and the tank L is provided with a pressuregage z and an air connection j,

through which air may be pumped into the tank. A plug It is inserted inthe tank for the purpose of introducing oil into the tank.

When the burner is to be used in exposed places, I inclose it in asuitable casing-IE. This casing keeps the wiud'from blowing out theflame and; coil from becoming too cold. and it admits air to be mixedwith the vapor either around the valve-stem, as here shown, or by othersuitable openings. 1

operating the burner the coil is first lieot- 9o. ii some eoitab'icexternal means, as b .1

the opplicotioii'oi on alcohol flame, and the 'needle-valve is opened,allowing the vapor iniz zetl with air to pose into and through thecoinoosiion-ciiamlaer. The flame is forced through thecombustion-chamber at a: high re-loony, heating the inner surface of therefractory bushing to on incandescent oiase earl being projeciedizzto'tloe oimospherc, forming a tongue of flame beyond a lo bllfiihizigwliicb ie intensely not and is well adap'beo to brazing; heating,eoldering ooppers, $1110 2 other like purposes. The refractory bushingallows snfiicicnt neat to pass through to isiie wi l to keen up thevaporization of one oil, om not cnongh to overheat the oil, and an fineinner surface is at a red heat it regencrilififi onci keeps. up the heelof the Home to time corobneiaiowpoint,

Tiic thickness of the refractory bushing is regoloied to produce justthe proper temperotnre in the coil to vaporize without; decomposing theoil. 1 find with aburner time convoirrnciod that I am able to burnkerosene and can be varied from the one here shown by way ofiilusirozion Without departing from the spirit of my invention, whichconsist-s, broadly n in the complete insulation of the vz-zporizaing-coil from ifne flame, so slim, ii. will l. in an oil-burner, thecombination 05 a coil connecieci with a source of oil-supply underpreesnre, o lining for said coii composed of refractory andnon-heat-conciucting material forming n combustion-chamber and arepor-diocliorge nozzle connected with said ooii end adopted tooiisclmrge vaporinto said combustion-chamber;

In on oiiburner,'the combination of a, coil connected with a source ofoil-supply iimler' pressure,,a lining 01- said coil compoeeal ofasbestos and forming a combustionchoniiier and a, vapor-discharge.nozzle connested; with said coil and adapted to discharge vapor intosaid combustion-chamber.

S. in an oilnrner, the combination of a. coil connected with a source ofoil-supply under pressure, a liningfor said coil coniposeci of crefractory and i1oi1-heab-c0nducting material forming a.OOmbllStlOllfillFdfibQI' and a burner-head for discharging burning vaporinto said combustion-chamber.

Signed by me all Fziirfielri, Maine, this 8th day of March, 1899.

JOHN R. DONNELLY.

Witnesses:

F, E. li'ICFADDEN, 1i. Q. BROWN.

